<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN" data-theme="light">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" />
    <meta name="generator" content="VuePress 2.0.0-beta.38" />
    <meta name="theme" content="VuePress Theme Hope" />
    <meta property="og:url" content="https://javaguide.cn/database/mysql/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html"><meta property="og:site_name" content="JavaGuide"><meta property="og:title" content="MySQL数据库时间类型数据存储建议"><meta property="og:type" content="article"><meta property="og:updated_time" content="2022-04-06T01:52:22.000Z"><meta property="og:locale" content="zh-CN"><meta property="article:tag" content="MySQL"><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2022-04-06T01:52:22.000Z"><script>var _hmt = _hmt || [];
      (function() {
        var hm = document.createElement("script");
        hm.src = "https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?5dd2e8c97962d57b7b8fea1737c01743";
        var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; 
        s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s);
      })();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="//at.alicdn.com/t/font_2922463_99aa80ii7cf.css"><title>MySQL数据库时间类型数据存储建议 | JavaGuide</title><meta name="description" content="Java学习&&面试指南">
    <style>
      :root {
        --bg-color: #fff;
      }

      html[data-theme="dark"] {
        --bg-color: #1d2025;
      }

      html,
      body {
        background-color: var(--bg-color);
      }
    </style>
    <script>
      const userMode = localStorage.getItem("vuepress-theme-hope-scheme");
      const systemDarkMode =
        window.matchMedia &&
        window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches;

      if (userMode === "dark" || (userMode !== "light" && systemDarkMode)) {
        document.querySelector("html").setAttribute("data-theme", "dark");
      }
    </script>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/style.aa943f56.css">
    <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/app.93341f6d.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html.85e97b18.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html.c82dfbf8.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/plugin-vue_export-helper.21dcd24c.js">
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="app"><!--[--><!--[--><!--[--><span tabindex="-1"></span><a href="#main-content" class="skip-link sr-only">Skip to content</a><!--]--><div class="theme-container has-toc sidebar-open"><!--[--><header class="navbar"><button class="toggle-sidebar-button" title="Toggle Sidebar"><span class="icon"></span></button><a href="/" class="home-link"><img class="logo" src="/logo.png" alt="JavaGuide"><!----><span class="site-name hide-in-pad">JavaGuide</span><!--[--><!----><!--]--></a><nav class="nav-links" style=""><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><a href="/home.html" class="nav-link" arialabel="面试指南"><i class="icon iconfont icon-java"></i>面试指南<!----></a></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><a href="/zhuanlan/" class="nav-link" arialabel="优质专栏"><i class="icon iconfont icon-recommend"></i>优质专栏<!----></a></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><a href="/open-source-project/" class="nav-link" arialabel="项目精选"><i class="icon iconfont icon-github"></i>项目精选<!----></a></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><a href="/books/" class="nav-link" arialabel="书籍精选"><i class="icon iconfont icon-book"></i>书籍精选<!----></a></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><a href="https://snailclimb.gitee.io/javaguide/#/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" arialabel="旧版链接" class="nav-link"><i class="icon iconfont icon-java"></i>旧版链接<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><a href="https://javaguide.cn/feed.json" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" arialabel="RSS订阅" class="nav-link"><i class="icon iconfont icon-rss"></i>RSS订阅<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><a href="/about-the-author/" class="nav-link" arialabel="关于作者"><i class="icon iconfont icon-zuozhe"></i>关于作者<!----></a></div></nav><div class="nav-actions-wrapper"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div class="nav-item"><!----></div><div class="nav-item"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/Snailclimb/JavaGuide" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon github-icon" viewbox="0 0 1024 1024" arialabelledby="github" style="width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem;vertical-align:middle;"><title id="github" lang="en">github icon</title><g fill="currentColor"><path d="M511.957 21.333C241.024 21.333 21.333 240.981 21.333 512c0 216.832 140.544 400.725 335.574 465.664 24.49 4.395 32.256-10.07 32.256-23.083 0-11.69.256-44.245 0-85.205-136.448 29.61-164.736-64.64-164.736-64.64-22.315-56.704-54.4-71.765-54.4-71.765-44.587-30.464 3.285-29.824 3.285-29.824 49.195 3.413 75.179 50.517 75.179 50.517 43.776 75.008 114.816 53.333 142.762 40.79 4.523-31.66 17.152-53.377 31.19-65.537-108.971-12.458-223.488-54.485-223.488-242.602 0-53.547 19.114-97.323 50.517-131.67-5.035-12.33-21.93-62.293 4.779-129.834 0 0 41.258-13.184 134.912 50.346a469.803 469.803 0 0 1 122.88-16.554c41.642.213 83.626 5.632 122.88 16.554 93.653-63.488 134.784-50.346 134.784-50.346 26.752 67.541 9.898 117.504 4.864 129.834 31.402 34.347 50.474 78.123 50.474 131.67 0 188.586-114.73 230.016-224.042 242.09 17.578 15.232 33.578 44.672 33.578 90.454v135.85c0 13.142 7.936 27.606 32.854 22.87C862.25 912.597 1002.667 728.747 1002.667 512c0-271.019-219.648-490.667-490.71-490.667z"></path></g></svg></a></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><button id="appearance-switch"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon auto-icon" viewbox="0 0 1024 1024" arialabelledby="auto" style="display:block;"><title id="auto" lang="en">auto icon</title><g fill="currentColor"><path d="M512 992C246.92 992 32 777.08 32 512S246.92 32 512 32s480 214.92 480 480-214.92 480-480 480zm0-840c-198.78 0-360 161.22-360 360 0 198.84 161.22 360 360 360s360-161.16 360-360c0-198.78-161.22-360-360-360zm0 660V212c165.72 0 300 134.34 300 300 0 165.72-134.28 300-300 300z"></path></g></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon dark-icon" viewbox="0 0 1024 1024" arialabelledby="dark" style="display:none;"><title id="dark" lang="en">dark icon</title><g fill="currentColor"><path d="M524.8 938.667h-4.267a439.893 439.893 0 0 1-313.173-134.4 446.293 446.293 0 0 1-11.093-597.334A432.213 432.213 0 0 1 366.933 90.027a42.667 42.667 0 0 1 45.227 9.386 42.667 42.667 0 0 1 10.24 42.667 358.4 358.4 0 0 0 82.773 375.893 361.387 361.387 0 0 0 376.747 82.774 42.667 42.667 0 0 1 54.187 55.04 433.493 433.493 0 0 1-99.84 154.88 438.613 438.613 0 0 1-311.467 128z"></path></g></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon light-icon" viewbox="0 0 1024 1024" arialabelledby="light" style="display:none;"><title id="light" lang="en">light icon</title><g fill="currentColor"><path d="M952 552h-80a40 40 0 0 1 0-80h80a40 40 0 0 1 0 80zM801.88 280.08a41 41 0 0 1-57.96-57.96l57.96-58a41.04 41.04 0 0 1 58 58l-58 57.96zM512 752a240 240 0 1 1 0-480 240 240 0 0 1 0 480zm0-560a40 40 0 0 1-40-40V72a40 40 0 0 1 80 0v80a40 40 0 0 1-40 40zm-289.88 88.08-58-57.96a41.04 41.04 0 0 1 58-58l57.96 58a41 41 0 0 1-57.96 57.96zM192 512a40 40 0 0 1-40 40H72a40 40 0 0 1 0-80h80a40 40 0 0 1 40 40zm30.12 231.92a41 41 0 0 1 57.96 57.96l-57.96 58a41.04 41.04 0 0 1-58-58l58-57.96zM512 832a40 40 0 0 1 40 40v80a40 40 0 0 1-80 0v-80a40 40 0 0 1 40-40zm289.88-88.08 58 57.96a41.04 41.04 0 0 1-58 58l-57.96-58a41 41 0 0 1 57.96-57.96z"></path></g></svg></button></div><form class="search-box" role="search"><input type="search" placeholder="搜索" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" value><!----></form><button class="toggle-navbar-button" aria-label="Toggle Navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="nav-screen"><span class="button-container"><span class="button-top"></span><span class="button-middle"></span><span class="button-bottom"></span></span></button><!--[--><!----><!--]--></div></header><!----><!--]--><!----><div class="toggle-sidebar-wrapper"><span class="arrow left"></span></div><aside class="sidebar"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-links"><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><i class="icon iconfont icon-mianshi"></i><span class="title">面试准备</span><span class="arrow right"></span></button><!----></section><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><i class="icon iconfont icon-java"></i><span class="title">Java</span><span class="arrow right"></span></button><!----></section><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><i class="icon iconfont icon-computer"></i><span class="title">计算机基础</span><span class="arrow right"></span></button><!----></section><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable active"><i class="icon iconfont icon-database"></i><span class="title">数据库</span><span class="arrow down"></span></button><ul class="sidebar-links"><li><!--[--><a href="/database/basis.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" arialabel="数据库基础知识"><!---->数据库基础知识<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/database/character-set.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" arialabel="字符集"><!---->字符集<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable active"><i class="icon iconfont icon-mysql"></i><span class="title">MySQL</span><span class="arrow down"></span></button><ul class="sidebar-links"><li><!--[--><a href="/database/mysql/mysql-questions-01.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" arialabel="MySQL知识点&amp;面试题总结"><!---->MySQL知识点&amp;面试题总结<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/database/mysql/a-thousand-lines-of-mysql-study-notes.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" arialabel="一千行 MySQL 学习笔记"><!---->一千行 MySQL 学习笔记<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/database/mysql/mysql-high-performance-optimization-specification-recommendations.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" arialabel="MySQL高性能优化规范建议"><!---->MySQL高性能优化规范建议<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable active"><i class="icon iconfont icon-important"></i><span class="title">重要知识点</span><span class="arrow down"></span></button><ul class="sidebar-links"><li><!--[--><a href="/database/mysql/mysql-index.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" arialabel="MySQL索引详解"><!---->MySQL索引详解<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/database/mysql/mysql-logs.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" arialabel="MySQL三大日志(binlog、redo log和undo log)详解"><!---->MySQL三大日志(binlog、redo log和undo log)详解<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/database/mysql/transaction-isolation-level.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" arialabel="MySQL事务隔离级别详解"><!---->MySQL事务隔离级别详解<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/database/mysql/innodb-implementation-of-mvcc.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" arialabel="InnoDB存储引擎对MVCC的实现"><!---->InnoDB存储引擎对MVCC的实现<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/database/mysql/how-sql-executed-in-mysql.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" arialabel="SQL语句在MySQL中的执行过程"><!---->SQL语句在MySQL中的执行过程<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a aria-current="page" href="/database/mysql/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link active sidebar-link sidebar-page active" arialabel="MySQL数据库时间类型数据存储建议"><!---->MySQL数据库时间类型数据存储建议<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/database/mysql/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html#_1-切记不要用字符串存储日期" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" arialabel="1.切记不要用字符串存储日期"><!---->1.切记不要用字符串存储日期<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/database/mysql/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html#_2-datetime-和-timestamp-之间抉择" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" arialabel="2.Datetime 和 Timestamp 之间抉择"><!---->2.Datetime 和 Timestamp 之间抉择<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/database/mysql/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html#_3-再看-mysql-日期类型存储空间" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" arialabel="3 再看 MySQL 日期类型存储空间"><!---->3 再看 MySQL 日期类型存储空间<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/database/mysql/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html#_4-数值型时间戳是更好的选择吗" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" arialabel="4.数值型时间戳是更好的选择吗？"><!---->4.数值型时间戳是更好的选择吗？<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/database/mysql/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html#_5-总结" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" arialabel="5.总结"><!---->5.总结<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/database/mysql/index-invalidation-caused-by-implicit-conversion.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" arialabel="MySQL中的隐式转换造成的索引失效"><!---->MySQL中的隐式转换造成的索引失效<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li></ul></section><!--]--></li></ul></section><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><i class="icon iconfont icon-redis"></i><span class="title">Redis</span><span class="arrow right"></span></button><!----></section><!--]--></li></ul></section><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><i class="icon iconfont icon-Tools"></i><span class="title">开发工具</span><span class="arrow right"></span></button><!----></section><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><i class="icon iconfont icon-xitongsheji"></i><span class="title">系统设计</span><span class="arrow right"></span></button><!----></section><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><i class="icon iconfont icon-distributed-network"></i><span class="title">分布式</span><span class="arrow right"></span></button><!----></section><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><i class="icon iconfont icon-et-performance"></i><span class="title">高性能</span><span class="arrow right"></span></button><!----></section><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><i class="icon iconfont icon-CalendarAvailability-1"></i><span class="title">高可用</span><span class="arrow right"></span></button><!----></section><!--]--></li></ul><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside><!--[--><main class="page" id="main-content"><!----><nav class="breadcrumb disable"></nav><div class="page-title"><h1><!---->MySQL数据库时间类型数据存储建议</h1><div class="article-info"><span class="author-info" arialabel="作者🖊" isoriginal="false" pageview="false" color="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon author-icon" viewbox="0 0 1024 1024" arialabelledby="author"><title id="author" lang="en">author icon</title><g fill="currentColor"><path d="M649.6 633.6c86.4-48 147.2-144 147.2-249.6 0-160-128-288-288-288s-288 128-288 288c0 108.8 57.6 201.6 147.2 249.6-121.6 48-214.4 153.6-240 288-3.2 9.6 0 19.2 6.4 25.6 3.2 9.6 12.8 12.8 22.4 12.8h704c9.6 0 19.2-3.2 25.6-12.8 6.4-6.4 9.6-16 6.4-25.6-25.6-134.4-121.6-240-243.2-288z"></path></g></svg><span><a class="author-item" href="https://javaguide.cn/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Guide</a></span><span property="author" content="Guide"></span></span><span class="category-info" arialabel="分类🌈" isoriginal="false" pageview="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon category-icon" viewbox="0 0 1024 1024" arialabelledby="category"><title id="category" lang="en">category icon</title><g fill="currentColor"><path d="M148.41 106.992h282.176c22.263 0 40.31 18.048 40.31 40.31V429.48c0 22.263-18.047 40.31-40.31 40.31H148.41c-22.263 0-40.311-18.047-40.311-40.31V147.302c0-22.263 18.048-40.31 40.311-40.31zM147.556 553.478H429.73c22.263 0 40.311 18.048 40.311 40.31v282.176c0 22.263-18.048 40.312-40.31 40.312H147.555c-22.263 0-40.311-18.049-40.311-40.312V593.79c0-22.263 18.048-40.311 40.31-40.311zM593.927 106.992h282.176c22.263 0 40.31 18.048 40.31 40.31V429.48c0 22.263-18.047 40.31-40.31 40.31H593.927c-22.263 0-40.311-18.047-40.311-40.31V147.302c0-22.263 18.048-40.31 40.31-40.31zM730.22 920.502H623.926c-40.925 0-74.22-33.388-74.22-74.425V623.992c0-41.038 33.387-74.424 74.425-74.424h222.085c41.038 0 74.424 33.226 74.424 74.067v114.233c0 10.244-8.304 18.548-18.547 18.548s-18.548-8.304-18.548-18.548V623.635c0-20.388-16.746-36.974-37.33-36.974H624.13c-20.585 0-37.331 16.747-37.331 37.33v222.086c0 20.585 16.654 37.331 37.126 37.331H730.22c10.243 0 18.547 8.304 18.547 18.547 0 10.244-8.304 18.547-18.547 18.547z"></path></g></svg><ul class="categories-wrapper"><li class="category clickable" role="navigation">数据库</li><meta property="articleSection" content="数据库"></ul></span><span arialabel="标签🏷" isoriginal="false" pageview="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon tag-icon" viewbox="0 0 1024 1024" arialabelledby="tag"><title id="tag" lang="en">tag icon</title><g fill="currentColor"><path d="M939.902 458.563L910.17 144.567c-1.507-16.272-14.465-29.13-30.737-30.737L565.438 84.098h-.402c-3.215 0-5.726 1.005-7.634 2.913l-470.39 470.39a10.004 10.004 0 000 14.164l365.423 365.424c1.909 1.908 4.42 2.913 7.132 2.913s5.223-1.005 7.132-2.913l470.39-470.39c2.01-2.11 3.014-5.023 2.813-8.036zm-240.067-72.121c-35.458 0-64.286-28.828-64.286-64.286s28.828-64.285 64.286-64.285 64.286 28.828 64.286 64.285-28.829 64.286-64.286 64.286z"></path></g></svg><ul class="tags-wrapper"><li class="tag clickable" role="navigation">MySQL</li></ul><meta property="keywords" content="MySQL"></span><span class="date-info" arialabel="写作日期📅" isoriginal="false" pageview="false" color="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon calendar-icon" viewbox="0 0 1024 1024" arialabelledby="calendar"><title id="calendar" lang="en">calendar icon</title><g fill="currentColor"><path d="M716.4 110.137c0-18.753-14.72-33.473-33.472-33.473-18.753 0-33.473 14.72-33.473 33.473v33.473h66.993v-33.473zm-334.87 0c0-18.753-14.72-33.473-33.473-33.473s-33.52 14.72-33.52 33.473v33.473h66.993v-33.473zm468.81 33.52H716.4v100.465c0 18.753-14.72 33.473-33.472 33.473a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.473-33.473V143.657H381.53v100.465c0 18.753-14.72 33.473-33.473 33.473a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.473-33.473V143.657H180.6A134.314 134.314 0 0046.66 277.595v535.756A134.314 134.314 0 00180.6 947.289h669.74a134.36 134.36 0 00133.94-133.938V277.595a134.314 134.314 0 00-133.94-133.938zm33.473 267.877H147.126a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.473-33.473c0-18.752 14.72-33.473 33.473-33.473h736.687c18.752 0 33.472 14.72 33.472 33.473a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.472 33.473z"></path></g></svg><span>2021年11月6日</span><meta property="datePublished" content="2021-11-06T11:23:34.000Z"></span><!----><span class="words-info" arialabel="字数🔠" isoriginal="false" pageview="false" color="false"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon word-icon" viewbox="0 0 1024 1024" arialabelledby="word"><title id="word" lang="en">word icon</title><g fill="currentColor"><path d="M518.217 432.64V73.143A73.143 73.143 0 01603.43 1.097a512 512 0 01419.474 419.474 73.143 73.143 0 01-72.046 85.212H591.36a73.143 73.143 0 01-73.143-73.143z"></path><path d="M493.714 566.857h340.297a73.143 73.143 0 0173.143 85.577A457.143 457.143 0 11371.566 117.76a73.143 73.143 0 0185.577 73.143v339.383a36.571 36.571 0 0036.571 36.571z"></path></g></svg><span>约 1606 字</span><meta property="wordCount" content="1606"></span></div><hr></div><div class="toc-place-holder"><aside id="toc-list"><div class="toc-header">此页内容</div><div class="toc-wrapper"><ul class="toc-list"><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/database/mysql/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html#_1-切记不要用字符串存储日期" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">1.切记不要用字符串存储日期</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/database/mysql/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html#_2-datetime-和-timestamp-之间抉择" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">2.Datetime 和 Timestamp 之间抉择</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/database/mysql/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html#_3-再看-mysql-日期类型存储空间" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">3 再看 MySQL 日期类型存储空间</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/database/mysql/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html#_4-数值型时间戳是更好的选择吗" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">4.数值型时间戳是更好的选择吗？</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/database/mysql/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.html#_5-总结" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">5.总结</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></div></aside></div><!----><div class="theme-hope-content"><!--[--><p>我们平时开发中不可避免的就是要存储时间，比如我们要记录操作表中这条记录的时间、记录转账的交易时间、记录出发时间等等。你会发现时间这个东西与我们开发的联系还是非常紧密的，用的好与不好会给我们的业务甚至功能带来很大的影响。所以，我们有必要重新出发，好好认识一下这个东西。</p><p>这是一篇短小精悍的文章，仔细阅读一定能学到不少东西！</p><h3 id="_1-切记不要用字符串存储日期" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-切记不要用字符串存储日期" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 1.切记不要用字符串存储日期</h3><p>我记得我在大学的时候就这样干过，而且现在很多对数据库不太了解的新手也会这样干，可见，这种存储日期的方式的优点还是有的，就是简单直白，容易上手。</p><p>但是，这是不正确的做法，主要会有下面两个问题：</p><ol><li>字符串占用的空间更大！</li><li>字符串存储的日期效率比较低（逐个字符进行比对），无法用日期相关的 API 进行计算和比较。</li></ol><h3 id="_2-datetime-和-timestamp-之间抉择" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-datetime-和-timestamp-之间抉择" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 2.Datetime 和 Timestamp 之间抉择</h3><p>Datetime 和 Timestamp 是 MySQL 提供的两种比较相似的保存时间的数据类型。他们两者究竟该如何选择呢？</p><p><strong>通常我们都会首选 Timestamp。</strong> 下面说一下为什么这样做!</p><h4 id="_2-1-datetime-类型没有时区信息" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-1-datetime-类型没有时区信息" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 2.1 DateTime 类型没有时区信息</h4><p><strong>DateTime 类型是没有时区信息的（时区无关）</strong> ，DateTime 类型保存的时间都是当前会话所设置的时区对应的时间。这样就会有什么问题呢？当你的时区更换之后，比如你的服务器更换地址或者更换客户端连接时区设置的话，就会导致你从数据库中读出的时间错误。不要小看这个问题，很多系统就是因为这个问题闹出了很多笑话。</p><p><strong>Timestamp 和时区有关</strong>。Timestamp 类型字段的值会随着服务器时区的变化而变化，自动换算成相应的时间，说简单点就是在不同时区，查询到同一个条记录此字段的值会不一样。</p><p>下面实际演示一下！</p><p>建表 SQL 语句：</p><div class="language-sql ext-sql line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="token keyword">TABLE</span> <span class="token identifier"><span class="token punctuation">`</span>time_zone_test<span class="token punctuation">`</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
  <span class="token identifier"><span class="token punctuation">`</span>id<span class="token punctuation">`</span></span> <span class="token keyword">bigint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">NOT</span> <span class="token boolean">NULL</span> <span class="token keyword">AUTO_INCREMENT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token identifier"><span class="token punctuation">`</span>date_time<span class="token punctuation">`</span></span> <span class="token keyword">datetime</span> <span class="token keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="token boolean">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token identifier"><span class="token punctuation">`</span>time_stamp<span class="token punctuation">`</span></span> <span class="token keyword">timestamp</span> <span class="token operator">NOT</span> <span class="token boolean">NULL</span> <span class="token keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="token keyword">CURRENT_TIMESTAMP</span> <span class="token keyword">ON</span> <span class="token keyword">UPDATE</span> <span class="token keyword">CURRENT_TIMESTAMP</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token keyword">PRIMARY</span> <span class="token keyword">KEY</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token identifier"><span class="token punctuation">`</span>id<span class="token punctuation">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">ENGINE</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token keyword">InnoDB</span> <span class="token keyword">DEFAULT</span> <span class="token keyword">CHARSET</span><span class="token operator">=</span>utf8<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><p>插入数据：</p><div class="language-sql ext-sql line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">INSERT</span> <span class="token keyword">INTO</span> time_zone_test<span class="token punctuation">(</span>date_time<span class="token punctuation">,</span>time_stamp<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">VALUES</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">NOW</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token function">NOW</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>查看数据：</p><div class="language-sql ext-sql line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> date_time<span class="token punctuation">,</span>time_stamp <span class="token keyword">from</span> time_zone_test<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>结果：</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+---------------------+---------------------+
| date_time           | time_stamp          |
+---------------------+---------------------+
| 2020-01-11 09:53:32 | 2020-01-11 09:53:32 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p>现在我们运行</p><p>修改当前会话的时区:</p><div class="language-sql ext-sql line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">set</span> time_zone<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&#39;+8:00&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>再次查看数据：</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+---------------------+---------------------+
| date_time           | time_stamp          |
+---------------------+---------------------+
| 2020-01-11 09:53:32 | 2020-01-11 17:53:32 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p><strong>扩展：一些关于 MySQL 时区设置的一个常用 sql 命令</strong></p><div class="language-sql ext-sql line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token comment"># 查看当前会话时区</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> @<span class="token variable">@session.time_zone</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment"># 设置当前会话时区</span>
<span class="token keyword">SET</span> time_zone <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&#39;Europe/Helsinki&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">SET</span> time_zone <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;+00:00&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment"># 数据库全局时区设置</span>
<span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> @<span class="token variable">@global.time_zone</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment"># 设置全局时区</span>
<span class="token keyword">SET</span> <span class="token keyword">GLOBAL</span> time_zone <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&#39;+8:00&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">SET</span> <span class="token keyword">GLOBAL</span> time_zone <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&#39;Europe/Helsinki&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><h4 id="_2-2-datetime-类型耗费空间更大" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-2-datetime-类型耗费空间更大" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 2.2 DateTime 类型耗费空间更大</h4><p>Timestamp 只需要使用 4 个字节的存储空间，但是 DateTime 需要耗费 8 个字节的存储空间。但是，这样同样造成了一个问题，Timestamp 表示的时间范围更小。</p><ul><li>DateTime ：1000-01-01 00:00:00 ~ 9999-12-31 23:59:59</li><li>Timestamp： 1970-01-01 00:00:01 ~ 2037-12-31 23:59:59</li></ul><blockquote><p>Timestamp 在不同版本的 MySQL 中有细微差别。</p></blockquote><h3 id="_3-再看-mysql-日期类型存储空间" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-再看-mysql-日期类型存储空间" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 3 再看 MySQL 日期类型存储空间</h3><p>下图是 MySQL 5.6 版本中日期类型所占的存储空间：</p><p><img src="https://my-blog-to-use.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/2019-11/FhRGUVHFK0ujRPNA75f6CuOXQHTE.jpeg" alt="" loading="lazy"></p><p>可以看出 5.6.4 之后的 MySQL 多出了一个需要 0 ～ 3 字节的小数位。DateTime 和 Timestamp 会有几种不同的存储空间占用。</p><p>为了方便，本文我们还是默认 Timestamp 只需要使用 4 个字节的存储空间，但是 DateTime 需要耗费 8 个字节的存储空间。</p><h3 id="_4-数值型时间戳是更好的选择吗" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-数值型时间戳是更好的选择吗" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 4.数值型时间戳是更好的选择吗？</h3><p>很多时候，我们也会使用 int 或者 bigint 类型的数值也就是时间戳来表示时间。</p><p>这种存储方式的具有 Timestamp 类型的所具有一些优点，并且使用它的进行日期排序以及对比等操作的效率会更高，跨系统也很方便，毕竟只是存放的数值。缺点也很明显，就是数据的可读性太差了，你无法直观的看到具体时间。</p><p>时间戳的定义如下：</p><blockquote><p>时间戳的定义是从一个基准时间开始算起，这个基准时间是「1970-1-1 00:00:00 +0:00」，从这个时间开始，用整数表示，以秒计时，随着时间的流逝这个时间整数不断增加。这样一来，我只需要一个数值，就可以完美地表示时间了，而且这个数值是一个绝对数值，即无论的身处地球的任何角落，这个表示时间的时间戳，都是一样的，生成的数值都是一样的，并且没有时区的概念，所以在系统的中时间的传输中，都不需要进行额外的转换了，只有在显示给用户的时候，才转换为字符串格式的本地时间。</p></blockquote><p>数据库中实际操作：</p><div class="language-sql ext-sql line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sql"><code>mysql<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">select</span> UNIX_TIMESTAMP<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&#39;2020-01-11 09:53:32&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment">---------------------------------------+</span>
<span class="token operator">|</span> UNIX_TIMESTAMP<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&#39;2020-01-11 09:53:32&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">|</span>
<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment">---------------------------------------+</span>
<span class="token operator">|</span>                            <span class="token number">1578707612</span> <span class="token operator">|</span>
<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment">---------------------------------------+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token keyword">row</span> <span class="token operator">in</span> <span class="token keyword">set</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0.00</span> sec<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

mysql<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">select</span> FROM_UNIXTIME<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1578707612</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment">---------------------------+</span>
<span class="token operator">|</span> FROM_UNIXTIME<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1578707612</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">|</span>
<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment">---------------------------+</span>
<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">2020</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">01</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">11</span> <span class="token number">09</span>:<span class="token number">53</span>:<span class="token number">32</span>       <span class="token operator">|</span>
<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment">---------------------------+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token keyword">row</span> <span class="token operator">in</span> <span class="token keyword">set</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0.01</span> sec<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_5-总结" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_5-总结" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 5.总结</h3><p>MySQL 中时间到底怎么存储才好？Datetime?Timestamp? 数值保存的时间戳？</p><p>好像并没有一个银弹，很多程序员会觉得数值型时间戳是真的好，效率又高还各种兼容，但是很多人又觉得它表现的不够直观。这里插一嘴，《高性能 MySQL 》这本神书的作者就是推荐 Timestamp，原因是数值表示时间不够直观。下面是原文：</p><img src="https://my-blog-to-use.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/2019-11/高性能mysql-不推荐用数值时间戳.jpg" style="zoom:50%;"><p>每种方式都有各自的优势，根据实际场景才是王道。下面再对这三种方式做一个简单的对比，以供大家实际开发中选择正确的存放时间的数据类型：</p><img src="https://my-blog-to-use.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/2019-11/总结-常用日期存储方式.jpg" style="zoom:50%;"><!--]--></div><!----><footer class="page-meta"><div class="meta-item edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/Snailclimb/JavaGuide/edit/main/docs/database/mysql/some-thoughts-on-database-storage-time.md" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" arialabel="编辑此页" class="nav-link label"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon edit-icon" viewbox="0 0 1024 1024" arialabelledby="edit"><title id="edit" lang="en">edit icon</title><g fill="currentColor"><path d="M430.818 653.65a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-50.96-93.281l71.69-114.012 7.773-10.365L816.038 80.138A60.46 60.46 0 0 1 859.225 62a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 43.186 18.138l43.186 43.186a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 86.373L588.879 565.55l-8.637 8.637-117.466 68.234a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-31.958 11.229z"></path><path d="M728.802 962H252.891A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 62.008 771.98V296.934a190.883 190.883 0 0 1 190.883-192.61h267.754a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 120.92H252.891a69.962 69.962 0 0 0-69.098 69.099V771.98a69.962 69.962 0 0 0 69.098 69.098h475.911A69.962 69.962 0 0 0 797.9 771.98V503.363a60.46 60.46 0 1 1 120.922 0V771.98A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 728.802 962z"></path></g></svg><!--]-->编辑此页<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="meta-item update-time"><span class="label">上次编辑于: </span><span class="info">2022/4/6 09:52:22</span></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="label">贡献者: </span><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: koushuangbwcx@163.com">guide</span><!--]--><!--]--></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><a href="/database/mysql/how-sql-executed-in-mysql.html" class="nav-link prev" arialabel="SQL语句在MySQL中的执行过程"><div class="hint"><span class="arrow left"></span>上一页</div><div class="link"><!---->SQL语句在MySQL中的执行过程</div></a><a href="/database/mysql/index-invalidation-caused-by-implicit-conversion.html" class="nav-link next" arialabel="MySQL中的隐式转换造成的索引失效"><div class="hint">下一页<span class="arrow right"></span></div><div class="link">MySQL中的隐式转换造成的索引失效<!----></div></a></nav><!----><!----></main><!--]--><footer class="footer-wrapper"><div class="footer"><a href="https://beian.miit.gov.cn/" target="_blank">鄂ICP备2020015769号-1</a></div><div class="copyright">Copyright © 2022 Guide</div></footer></div><!--]--><!----><!--]--></div>
    <script type="module" src="/assets/app.93341f6d.js" defer></script>
  </body>
</html>
